What are the two main types of drag that aircraft experience?

The correct answer identifies parasitic drag and induced drag as the two main types of drag that aircraft experience.

Parasitic drag is the total drag not associated with the production of lift and is a function of the size, shape, and speed of the aircraft. It encompasses several components, including skin friction drag, form drag, and interference drag. This type of drag increases with the square of the aircraft's speed, meaning that as speed increases, parasitic drag becomes more significant.

Induced drag, on the other hand, is directly related to the generation of lift. It is a byproduct of the lift production process, arising from the pressure differential created above and below the wings. As an aircraft maneuvers and climbs, the induced drag increases due to an increase in angle of attack and, consequently, lift. It is most prominent at lower speeds and during high angles of attack.

Together, these two types of drag encompass the major aerodynamic forces acting on an aircraft during flight, which is fundamental in understanding performance and efficiency in various flight conditions. Recognizing the nature of both parasitic and induced drag is crucial for flight instruction, as it influences aircraft design, performance calculations, and pilot decision-making.