What is the main difference between a distraction and an interruption?

The main difference between a distraction and an interruption is that distractions are temporary while interruptions typically require a task-switching effort. Distractions often occur as momentary diversions that may draw your attention away from the task at hand but do not necessarily necessitate stopping what you are doing entirely. For instance, a notification on your phone might draw your attention momentarily without requiring you to switch to a different task.

In contrast, an interruption typically entails a more significant pause in your current task, as it may involve an external factor that makes it necessary to shift your focus completely to a different task or obligation, such as a colleague asking a question or an urgent matter arising that must be addressed immediately. Thus, understanding this distinction helps a pilot or instructor manage their focus during critical phases of flight or teaching, where maintaining the primary task is essential for safety and effectiveness.