What load factor limit should be avoided to ensure pilot safety?

The load factor limit that should be avoided to ensure pilot safety is exceeding normal category load factors. In aviation, load factor refers to the ratio of the lift of an aircraft to its weight. The normal category of load factors for general aviation aircraft is typically limited to a maximum of 3.8 Gs. Exceeding this limit can lead to structural failure of the aircraft, as the airframe is designed to withstand certain stresses during flight maneuvers.

Understanding load factors is crucial, especially in situations involving turns, abrupt maneuvers, or turbulence. Maintaining load factors within their specified limits is essential for aircraft integrity and the safety of its occupants. Consequently, respecting these limits and understanding the implications of exceeding them is fundamental for pilot safety and aircraft performance.

The other choices do not directly deal with the critical structural stresses placed on the aircraft or the operational parameters that would significantly affect safety in the same manner as load factors do. Maintaining constant altitude, maximizing speed during bank turns, and using flaps fully extended all relate to specific flight maneuvers, performance, or configuration but do not inherently focus on the critical aspect of structural load management that load factors do.