Which of the following illusions can lead to misperceptions of the airplane’s attitude?

The Coriolis illusion is a specific type of sensory misperception that can occur during flight. It arises when a pilot experiences a sudden change in head movement that is not matched by corresponding changes in the vestibular system's perception of motion. This can lead to the pilot mistakenly feeling that the airplane has changed its attitude or is in a different position than it actually is.

In flight, particularly during maneuvers where the aircraft experiences rapid changes in motion or when there is an interruption in normal visual references, the Coriolis illusion can mislead the pilot into believing there is a turn or bank when there is none. This is particularly dangerous because the pilot may respond inappropriately, potentially leading to a loss of control.

The other options mentioned also relate to illusions experienced in flight but operate under different principles. Visual illusions typically arise from misleading visual cues, the somatogravic illusion involves misinterpretations due to sensations from the inner ear related to accelerative forces, and a graveyard spiral is a specific scenario resulting from failure to recognize increasing bank angle in a turn without the correct visual cues. While these are all important aspects of pilot awareness and flight safety, the Coriolis illusion directly pertains to the misperception of the aircraft